Mixed-signal products rarely are created entirely in the analog or digital domain these days. Many new or improved applications are now possible thanks to innovative integration of firmware running on DSPs or micros with analog or mixed-signal silicon analog front ends. Also, many traditionally analog systems now have a firmware component.

These trends mean that analog and firmware designers need to understand the differences between their design disciplines to work together more effectively. Yet analog and firmware designers’ fundamental modes of operation are very different, potentially leading to miscommunication and conflict. Understanding the differences helps to bridge the gap.